Why are sealed radioactive sources used in drilling operations?

Sealed radioactive sources are essential in Logging While Drilling (LWD) operations, where they play a critical role in formation evaluation. These sources allow operators to measure density, porosity, and rock composition, giving drilling teams accurate subsurface data. With this information, wells can be placed more effectively, operational efficiency can be improved, and unnecessary drilling activity can be avoided.

However, the use of radioactive materials in oil and gas environments requires strict radiation safety protocols. Since sources are deployed in hazardous conditions such as high-pressure drilling zones and potentially flammable atmospheres, robust monitoring and compliance measures are vital. This is where Tracerco’s radiation monitoring solutions provide value, ensuring operators can maintain safety, compliance, and confidence in their drilling operations.

Managing foreseeable incidents in LWD operations

Despite stringent regulations, incidents involving sealed radioactive sources can still occur in logging while drilling (LWD) operations. If not effectively managed, these events may result in significant health, environmental, operational, and reputational risks. To support safe practices, the IAEA SSG-57 safety guidelines highlight several foreseeable scenarios that operators must be prepared to address:

•    Mechanical damage – Equipment failure can compromise shielding or source integrity.
•    Sources stuck in wells – Malfunctions may lead to radioactive sources becoming lodged in the wellbore.
•    Leaking sources – Corrosion or damage can cause radiation leaks, creating contamination risks.
•    Lost or dropped sources – Mishandling or procedural lapses may result in loss of source control.
•    Theft or malicious acts – Unauthorised removal of radioactive material presents a significant security concern.
•    Natural disasters – Severe weather or seismic events can disrupt operations and compromise source security.

Addressing these risks requires a proactive and comprehensive radiation safety strategy. Operators should implement robust emergency response plans, provide regular training for wellsite personnel, and ensure access to specialist radiation monitoring equipment to detect and respond swiftly to any incident. 

The Tracerco^TM Mud Monitor: Early detection of radiation exposure

One of the most effective safety tools in drilling operations is the Tracerco Mud Monitor. It provides early detection of abnormal radiation exposure, helping operators take swift corrective action before a small issue develops into a serious incident.

Key Features of the Mud Monitor:

• Detects radiation levels in drilling mud to identify potential source integrity issues.
• Non-intrusive installation using a powerful magnet on the mud return line, reducing disruption.
• Certified intrinsically safe (Zone 0) for use in high-risk and explosive environments.
• Supports standard 4-20mA and WITS protocols for seamless integration with control systems.
• Quick installation and removal with industry-standard connectors.
• Multiple display options including local alarms and drilling control system integration.

By monitoring radiation in the mud stream, the Mud Monitor protects personnel and equipment while ensuring compliance with international safety standards.

Building a comprehensive radiation protection strategy

Radiation safety in oil and gas drilling goes beyond mud monitoring. A holistic approach is needed to safeguard workers and equipment when handling high-activity sealed sources (HASS). Key strategies include:

• Performing routine source integrity checks to detect wear or corrosion early.
• Providing radiation safety training for all relevant personnel.
• Deploying personal dosimeters and area radiation monitors for long-term exposure tracking.
• Strengthening security measures to prevent unauthorized access to radioactive sources.

Sealed radioactive sources remain vital for accurate, cost-effective formation evaluation in oil and gas drilling. With Tracerco^TM Mud Monitor and personal electronic dosimeters, operators can maintain safe operations, protect their workforce, and ensure long-term integrity in drilling activities.

Download our application note to discover how the Tracerco Mud Monitor improves radiation safety and compliance in logging while drilling operations.